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Door Locks & Deadbolts

Technical specifications, key pros & cons, and real-time price comparison of 0 Door Locks & Deadbolts models.

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Door Locks Deadbolts Technical Details

Security Grading and Standards

Door locks and deadbolts are typically graded according to ANSI/BHMA (American National Standards Institute/Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association) standards, which assess security, durability, and finish. Grade 1 represents the highest level of security and durability, suitable for heavy-duty commercial or high-security residential applications. Grade 2 offers good security for residential and light commercial use, while Grade 3 is suitable for standard residential applications.

Lock Body and Mechanism Types

The core of a door lock is its body and mechanism. Common types include cylindrical, mortise, and interconnected locks.

  • Cylindrical Locks: These are widely used, featuring a tubular chassis that extends through the door, with the latch bolt operated by a spring mechanism. They are generally simpler to install and come in various functions: passage (non-locking), privacy (push-button locking), and entry (key locking).
  • Mortise Locks: Distinguished by a rectangular box lock body that is installed into a deep pocket or mortise cut into the edge of the door. Mortise locks are known for their robustness, higher security, and versatility, often incorporating multiple functions such as deadbolt and latch bolt within a single housing.
  • Deadbolts: Unlike spring-loaded latch bolts, deadbolts offer enhanced security by fully extending a solid metal bolt into the door frame, providing superior resistance against forced entry.
    • Single Cylinder Deadbolt: Operated by a key from the exterior and a thumb turn from the interior.
    • Double Cylinder Deadbolt: Requires a key for operation from both the interior and exterior, offering maximum security but potentially posing a fire safety hazard in emergencies.
    • Vertical Deadbolts: Designed to resist prying by engaging vertically into the door frame.
  • Interconnected Locks: These systems combine a knob/lever lock and a deadbolt into a single unit, allowing both to be retracted simultaneously by operating the interior handle, enhancing safety and convenience.

Keying Systems and Access Control

Keying options are fundamental to access management:

  • Keyed Different (KD): Each lock has a unique key.
  • Keyed Alike (KA): Multiple locks are operated by the same key, simplifying access for users.
  • Master Keyed (MK): A master key opens all locks in a system, while individual sub-master keys open specific groups of locks.
  • Grand Master Keyed (GMK): An extension of master keying, allowing a single grand master key to open multiple master key systems.
  • Construction Keyed: Temporary keys are provided for construction access and are automatically deactivated once the owner's permanent key is used.

Modern access control also includes electronic keypads requiring numerical codes, biometric scanners using fingerprints, and smart locks integrated with home automation systems via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, offering remote access and monitoring capabilities.

Dimensional Specifications and Hardware Components

Critical dimensions for installation and compatibility include:

  • Backset: The distance from the edge of the door to the center of the cross bore hole (typically 2-3/8 inches or 2-3/4 inches).
  • Door Thickness: Standard ranges are 1-3/8 inches to 1-3/4 inches, though specialized hardware accommodates thicker doors.
  • Bore Hole Diameter: The primary hole for the lock body (standard 2-1/8 inches) and the secondary hole for the latch (standard 1 inch).
  • Latch Bolt: The component that extends from the door into the strike plate, securing the door. Deadlatches include an anti-shim feature to prevent forced entry.
  • Strike Plate: A metal plate installed on the door frame that receives the latch or deadbolt, protecting the frame and enhancing security. Common types include T-strike, full lip, and ASA strike plates.
  • Cylinder: The part of the lock where the key is inserted, containing the pins or wafers that align to allow the plug to turn. Pin tumbler cylinders are most common.

Material composition, such as solid brass, stainless steel, or zinc alloys, along with protective finishes like satin nickel, oil-rubbed bronze, or polished chrome, determine the hardware's durability, corrosion resistance, and aesthetic appeal.